The annual BULAQUA 2025 Conference, organised by the Bulgarian Water Association and held in November 2025, placed a strong focus on lessons learned from real-world investment projects in the water sector and their importance for strengthening resilience. Against the backdrop of climate change and ongoing reforms in the industry, participants highlighted the need for efficient and socially balanced investment approaches.
A key takeaway from the forum is that water resilience begins with proper prioritisation. The Bulgarian experience demonstrates that a successful strategy combines grant-based financing with targeted investments for the water utilities. Funding mechanisms provided by the National and EU budget directly provided by the Ministry of Environment and Water, Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works, The Enterprise for Management of Environmental Protection Activities and other such instruments can supply substantial resources for infrastructure modernisation, enabling the implementation of high-impact projects with minimal effect on water tariffs. This is particularly important for smaller municipalities, for which grant financing remains essential.
At the same time, investments made directly by water utilities are increasing — including through support from the Bulgarian Water Supply and Sewerage Holding. Since such investments directly influence tariff levels, maintaining a balance between grants and utility-financed projects is crucial for preserving social affordability.
Another major highlight of BULAQUA 2025 was the importance of strong coordination between water utilities and municipalities as asset owners. This collaborative model has proven vital for effective planning, implementation, and long-term sustainability of projects, as well as for aligning with EU objectives for water security and accessibility.
A clear conclusion from the forum is that a resilient water sector relies not only on infrastructure, but equally on transparent governance, strong partnerships and strategic prioritisation.
